ENA-4 Profile ELISA

产品名称：ENA-4 Profile ELISA
产    地：Demeditec 
产品货号：DE7400
产品规格：96 Tests
产品说明：
Special remarks:
ENA-4-profile is an indirect solid phase enzyme immunometric assay (ELISA). It is designed for semi-quantitative determination of IgG class autoantibodies directed against the extractable nuclear antigens SS-A (Ro), SS-B (La), Sm and RNP/Sm in human serum or plasma. The assay is intended for in vitro diagnostic use only  as an aid in the diagnosis of certain systemic rheumatic diseases.
Rheumatoid autoimmune diseases are often associated with the occurrence of autoantibodies against several nuclear or cytoplasmatic antigens. These so-called anti nuclear antigens (ANA) can be divided into three groups:
1.true anti nuclear antigens (ANA):directed against dsDNA, ssDNA, histone, nucleolic RNA and DNP  
2.extractable nuclear antigens:Sm (Smith), n-RNP, Scl 70, Jo-1 and PM-1
3.cytoplasmatic antigens:SS-A (Ro) and SS-B (La)
In patients with Sjögren-Syndrome antibodies against the two cytoplasmatic antigens often occur in combination. Due to their strong association of SS-A and SS-B antibodies to the HLA-DR3 and DR2 phenotypes a genetic predisposition is suspected. The anti SS-A protein passes the placenta and may cause the development of SLE in neonates.
Immunoreactive proteins may occur in various combinations and also bound to 'host proteins' of viral origin. They induce synthesis of polyclonal autoantibodies, of the IgG, IgM and IgA class of immunoglobulins. Especially for mixed connective tissue diseases a relation to viral infections by EBV (Eppstein-Barr-Virus) is indicated.
Each class of immunoglobulins causes specific immune fluorescent pattern. Basically immunofluorescence titres correlate with the quantitative determination of IgG antibodies but the concentrations may considerably vary within each titre. Quantitation of IgG class antibodies extensively correlate with the diseases' activity. This makes it superior to immunofluorescence using HEp 2 cells, which may give variable results depending on their degree of activity. Also IF with Crithidia luciliae sometimes gives discrepant results.
Today the best investigated immunoreactive antigens are double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), single stranded DNA (ssDNA), Sm (Smith), sn-RNP (small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles), the complex RNP/Sm which is stabilised by ribonucleic acid as well as SS-A (Ro) and SS-B (La). The antigen Scl 70, a 70 kD molecular weight protein is associated with scleroderma.
In rheumatoid autoimmune diseases various profiles of autoantibodies to these antigens can be detected. In a high incidence they are related to active and inactive systemic Lupus erythrematodes, mixed connective tissue diseases (Sharp Syndrome), rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren-Syndrome, Sclerodermia, photosensitive dermatitis and drug-induced lupus.
In Lupus patients typically anti-dsDNA antibodies can be detected. Patients without these antibodies very often show anti-ssDNA antibodies and anti-SS-A and anti-SS-B are present. A strong correlation between antibody concentration and severity of the disease has been observed with higher antibody concentrations in active phases of the disease. Thus quantitation is more informative compared to simple titering by immunofluorescence.
Measurement of anti-ssDNA provides additional information regarding antibody specificity and activity. Except in chronic inflammatory processes anti-ssDNA antibodies are not found in healthy subjects.
Most of these parameters are not specific for just one disease but they occur in various combinations. The pattern of different antibody combinations and their concentration together with the whole clinical picture of the patient are helpful diagnostic tools in the assessment of rheumatoid autoimmune diseases.
上海玉博生物技术有限公司在为生命科学领域提供丰富的产品与信息资源方面处于国内**地位，公司提供的产品涵盖了二十多个国家近五十万种产品，而且产品的数量与信息在不断的增长和更新，公司提供的产品能够使生命科学工作者加快对生物化学，分子生物学，细胞生物学以及蛋白质组学研究的认知，以及分子诊断和临床医学领域的应用。

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